Discover the golden age of Islamic civilization and the impact of the Abbasid Caliphate on the world with this comprehensive article. Learn about its culture, achievements, and contributions to the advancement of humanity.
Abbasid Caliphate Meaning:
The Abbasid Caliphate was the third successful caliphate of the Islamic Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). It is the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate, it overthrows the Umayyad caliphate in 750(C.E).
Abbasids were an Arabic dynasty that initially in 750(C.E) rules over most Muslim cities after taking over the empire. Before it like the Umayyad caliphate, Abbasid was called the caliph.
During the time of the Abbasid, the caliph was usually the of the previous caliph.
Abbasid Caliphate Definition:
Abbaside is related to an Arab dynasty, and he rules some western areas and also the Islamic empire. After assuming the caliphate in 750(C.E), Later on, the Abbasid caliphate empire is fragmented. They retained spiritual supremacy as caliphs until 1258(C.E).
They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in the Modern day. Abbasid overthrew the Umayyad Government in 570 (C.E) and took over the Government himself.
Abbasid caliph first centered on the Iraqi city of Kufa, but in 762 (C.E), the caliph Al-Mansoor founded the ancient city of Baghdad.
The Abbasid name is derived from the uncle of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), Al-Abbas of the Hashmi clan of the Quresh tribe in Makkah.
Chief of the Muslim leader after Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) death was referred to as caliphs. Abbasid caliph is considered to be a successor of the Islamic era in construction. And development.
What is Abbasid Caliphate:
After the death of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and a relatively brief period of rule by the Rashidun Caliphs, the Umayyad Dynasty gained the reins of power of Government.
Besides in Damascus and Syria, the Umayyad Caliphate faced some internal pressures, resistance because he said that he preferred the Arab Muslims by excluding the Persian Muslims.
Taking advantage of this opportunity, Some of Sun’ni Arab Abu-al-Abbas mounted a revolution in 750 (C.E). With some support from his followers, he destroyed and conquer the Umayyad troops in a battle and formed the Abbasid Dynasty in its Place.
The leader of the Abbasid Dynasty Caliphate is built Baghdad, the capital of Iraq. Damascus is replaced by the city Baghdad. Baghdad was located near the Tigris (Dajla) and Euphrates (Farat) rivers.
It is the best and ideal spot for food production that sustains a larger population.
Golden Age of Islam:
The Golden age, of Islam, is referred to as a large period in the history of Islam. The Muslims strongly ruled traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during the Golden age of the Islamic world from a historical point of view, different science inventions, economic development, and cultural work flourished.
(Quran translate)This period is traditionally understood to start the Abbasid caliph Haroon-al-Rashid (786-to-809) with the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.
He commanded Muslim scholars from all over the world to collect the Qur’an from all over the world and translate it into Arabic. The Abbasid Caliphate is heavily patronized scholars, and the best scholars, notable translators, like as hunayn-ibn-Ishaq, salaries estimated to the gain a good salary package equivalent of professional scholars.
Abbasid Caliphate Timeline:
- Abbasid Caliphate Revolution (750-to-751).
- Power (752-to-775).
- Abbasid Golden Age (775-to-861).
- Buyid and Seljuq Control (945-to-1118).
- Mongol Invasion (1206-to-1258).
1. Abbasid Caliphate Revelation (750-to-751):
After the death of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and a relatively brief period of rule by the Rashidun Caliphs, the Umayyad Dynasty gained the reins of power of Government.
Besides in Damascus and Syria, the Umayyad Caliphate faced some internal pressures, resistance because he said that he preferred the Arab Muslims by excluding the Persian Muslims.
The Abbasid claim to the nearest relatives of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) because Hazrat Abbas is the uncle of Muhammad (peace be upon him).
The Abbasid also distinguished themselves from the Umayyads by attacking their attitude, manners, and moral character in administration in general.
2. Power (752-to-775):
The first change made by Abbasid caliphate Al-Mansoor was to move capital Damascus to a newly established one city. Damascus is replaced by the city Baghdad.
Baghdad was located near the Tigris (Dajla) and Euphrates (Farat) rivers, It is the best and ideal spot for food production that sustains a larger population.
It was also established to delegate central authority and even greater authority was delegated to local Persons (Amirs). Caliphate Al-Mansoor made the judiciary a central figure, and later on, Haroon Al-Rashid set up a chief justice’s office to oversee it.
In his result, Umayyad subordinates play a much more formal role for the Abbasid Caliphate. During the Muslim Caliphate Al-Mansoor time, Control of Al-Andalus was lost and Shia was revolted defeated a year later at the Battle of Bakhmrah.
3. Abbasid Golden Age (775-to-861):
Abbasid caliphate leadership was to work harder in the half of the 8th century(750-to-800) many competitor caliphates and some other viziers and their administrative changes needs.
Therefore, to keep order the political challenges by the far-flung nature of the empire, and limited communication across the city.
It was also an early period of the Abbasid Caliphate dynasty. Islam was particularly great, especially in the wisdom of the Caliphate of Haroon-al-Rashid, Al-Mansoor, and Al-MamoonDuring the Islam Golden age, Arab & Persian scholars were able to build on the information, and they translate from in the Greek language during the Abbasid caliphate dynasty and new advances in their fields.
Ibn-al- Hasim invented the first camera, and it was able from an explanation of how the human eye sees. Great Philosopher and Doctor Avicena wrote the Canon of Medicine, and which is helped physicians with dangerous diseases such as cancer and other several diseases. Al-Khwarizmi, a Persian mathematician, invented algebra.
4. Buyid and Seljuq Control (945-to-1118):
After the power of wealthy peoples, Abbasid caliphates established a very formal judicial system in Baghdad. As mentioned the success of Abbasid caliphates retained a certain influence over Baghdad as well as the religion of whole life. And then the Abbasid Caliphates were to have more become powerful and able to regain a measure of strength.
The Abbasid caliphates themselves kept these rules and regulations in Baghdad and tried to keep the fitnas from a spread in Baghdad, which could lead to a lot of destruction.
After the demise of the Buyid dynasty, space was created in the empire, which was later completed by the Turk empire, known as the Seljuq. The Seljuq gained some special power from Abbasid Caliphate and took any remaining temporal power. The Seljuq sultan restored Baghdad to the sun’ni rule and took Iraq for his Dynasty.
Once again, The Abbasid caliphates were forced to deal with a powerful military that they cannot match. Abbasid caliph has remained the head of the Islamic empire, community, kingdom. When the Dynasty began to weaken in the 12th century, the Abbasid gained independence once again in Baghdad.
5. Mongol Invasion (1206-to-1258):
In 1206, Genghis khan(Changeez khan) was established as a powerful dynasty among the Mongols of central Asia. During the struggling and Mongol Empire conquered most of the Asian lands, both east china and old Islamic caliphates in the west. The Mongol dynasty was in gain throughout Asia in the 13th century.
Most Mongol conquest and plundering took place during the warm seasons when the Mongols had plenty of fodder for their horses. The Mongol rise was preceded by 15 years of and warm seasons from 1211-to-1225. The warm weather is a more favorable condition for the breeding of horses, Which was greatly assisted their expansion.
6. abbasid caliphate map
Abbasid Caliphate Period:
In the First period of the Abbasid Caliphate from 750-to-1258 (C.E), In this period the Muslim Abbasid caliphates were more strong and powerful leaders.
The Muslim caliphate was controlled a vast area of territory and created a culture that is often called the Golden Age of Islam. In 1258 (C.E), therefore, the capital city of Baghdad was sacked by the Mongols causing the Abbasid caliph to go to flee to Egypt.
The Second Period of the Abbasid caliphate from 1261-to-1517 (C.E). At this time the Abbasid caliphate was located in Cairo, the city of Egypt. While the Abbasid caliphate was considered the caliph of Islam. A group named Mamluks was a possession of the Empire.
What is the abbasid Caliphate?
Abbasid Caliphate is the 3rd Successful caliphate of Islam which was started by the Uncle of Prophet SAW, Hazrat Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib.
Where was the abbasid caliphate located?
Abbasid Caliphate was located in Hijaz (Saudi Arabia), Misar (Syria), Baghdad (Iraq), Iran, Al-Sindh, Fars, Kiraman, Khurasan, Jibal, Al Jazeera, Awasim, Azerbaijan, Arminia, Makran, Khuzestan etc.
When was the abbasid Caliphate?
Abbasid caliphate was ruled between 750 CE to 1258 CE. It was ended with defeat of Baghdad.
